The first interesting connection I’ve been thinking about for a while is from Michael Baxandall’s patterns of intention. In the book he is looking at how we describe works of our, historically and critically. He begins with a non-art artifact, the Forth Bridge. His descriptions and explanations mesh very well with software. Unlike literature, art is non-linear. Where we start with our explanation is a choice in itself. We also face this problem of translation. One way to full describe an image is to list all its pixels. But this is hardly what we mean by description. There is a ton more in this book, really well written and interesting.
It leads me to ask the question, what would code criticism look like? There are traditions that take up that name. There is some interesting work there, but they are in the vein of critical studies rather than art/literary criticism.
My very basic start of this project was to think about the elements of describing code style. We have them very clearly in art, but to my knowledge, not shared vocabulary for describing code. My elements are very basic. But I think recognizable and hopefully useful.
https://jimmyhmiller.github.io/aesthetic-elements