The original blog post says an error crashes the whole app. And I spot checked a few places in Polywell from my phone and didn't see any error handling. So maybe that's one difference. Both my driver.love and this new approach are robust to errors. (The motivation for this new approach: someone was trying to use driver.love on iPad, where the OS only permits one LÖVE app to run at a time.)
There's also a minor difference in the communication mechanism. Polywell uses a separate thread, but it seems to be just to get non-blocking I/O. driver.love uses a temporary file for the same purpose. Feels like fewer moving parts, but this is subjective.
There's no reason you couldn't read/write the temporary file from Emacs and get all its sweet sweet power. Conversely, there's no reason you couldn't switch Polywell to driver.love's error handling and/or simpler communication mechanism.